Macromolecule Structure

Dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer (As each monomer is added, a water molecule is removed)

Hydrolysis of a polymer ( Hydrolysis, the revers of dehydration, breaks bonds between monomers by adding water molecules.)

Most macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids) are polymers which are chainlike molecules. These molecules are made of numerous building blocks which are connected by covalent bonds.
They are made up of monomers which link together to create polymers. Despite the fact that the polymetric macromolecules may be different depending on their monomers, the chemical mechanisms are usually similar when it comes to making and breaking polymers. Through a condensation reaction (specifically dehydration reaction), two molecules are covalently bonded to each other thought loss of a water molecule

During this process, one molecule provides the hydroxyl group (-OH) while the other provides a hydrogen (H), which combines to make a H20 molecule. This process is repeated as monomers are added to the chain one by one. The proteins, in particular enzymes, are a big part of this process because they speed up the chemical reactions in cells.
Through hydrolysis, polymers are disassembled into monomers by reversing the dehydration reaction. Hydrolysis is derived from the Greek word which meant to break with water. The water molecule disturbs the set polymer chain by breaking up the monomers and separating itself to connect to them. One monomer will be attached to by a hydroxyl while the adjacent monomer will be attached to by a hydrogen atom.